Detachable lining for the fire-boxes of steam-boilers



' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN B. OOLLAN, OF READlNG, PENNSYLVANIA.

DETACHABLE LINING FOR THE FIRE-BOXES OF STEAM-BOILERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. ll(},li03, datedOctober 11, 1853.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. OOLLAN, of Reading, in the county of Berksand State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Locomotive and other Boilers, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and inwhich- Figure l represents a vertical longitudinal section of alocomotive-boiler constructed according to the principles of myinvention, and Figs. 2 and 3 are views of one of my D-shapedwater-linings.

In locomotive-boilers, and particularly in those in which anthracitecoal is used as a fuel, those portions of the boiler which are mostdirectly exposed to the flame from the coal deteriorate much morerapidly than those portions on which the iiame acts with less intensity;hence the former require frequent renewals before the strength of thelatter is materially impaired. The parts of the boiler most liable toinjury from this source are the fire-box and the flue-sheet, from whichthe flues pass which convey the flame to the smoke-box- My invention isintended to facilitate the repair of boilers thus injured; and itconsists in lining the interior of the fire-box with a series ofcontiguous tubular water-spaces, which are connected with the adjacentwaterspaces of the boiler in such manner that the water can circulatethrough them and .the steam escape, and so that they can be readilyremoved and replaced as occasion may require.

The boiler represented in the accompanying drawings is composed of threesections, each of which is a steam-tight vessel. The iirst section, A,contains the fire-box A', in whichithe fuel is burned. rIhe flame genenated by the burning fuel is conducted through tubular iiues a to thesmoke-box at the opposite extremity of the boiler. These flues are eachmade up of sections corresponding in number with the number of sectionsof which the boiler is composed. As the plates of the fire-box, andparticularly that portion of it from which the Hues start, is moreexposed to the liame than the remaining portions of the boiler, thoseportions of the tubular fines which are in this section of the boilerare short, as shown at a. The next section, B, of the boiler iscylindrical, and contains tubular iiues, corresponding in number andpositions with those of the first section, so that the ame passingthrough the flues of the first section shall pass on in uninterceptedcurrents toward the smoke-box. The last section, O, contains thesmoke-box D and a series of tubular flues, a, similar to those of thesecond section; hence when all the sections are secured to each otherthe dame from the firebox passes in unbroken currents through thecorresponding iiues of the successive sections in the same manner as itwould if passing through entire flues each of which was as long as theunited lengths of the corresponding nues of the several sections.

' In order to allow a free circulation of water, the several sectionsare connected at their lower sides with a water-pipe, E, and in order toallow the steam in each section to escape freely each is provided with aseparate steamdome, F, and all the domes are connected by steam-pipes G.In the example here represented the several sections are bolted directlyto each other, and are not surrounded by a distinct exterior shell; butcases may arise where it will be expedient to insert a portion or thewhole of the several sections in an exterioi shell of sufficient size tocontain them. To facilitate the cleansing and repair of the sections,the bottom of each may be provided with a man-hole which is fastened inthe usual manner.

As those parts of the fire-box which are in contact with the burningfuel are corroded rapidly by the sulphur and other substances given offin burning, I line the interior of the fire-box with removablecontiguous vessels c, which in this instance are D-shaped. These are ofthe form represented in perspective at Fig. 2, and each is connectedwith the adjacent water-space, in this case by means of tubular bolts t.Th ese maybe either inserted through the water-space and perforated atthe side and one end, as shown at Fig. 4; or they may be tubular, asshown at Fig. 5, in which case they are inserted through openings whichare made in the outer shell of the water-space, and which are closed bya screw-plug after the tubular bolts have been inserted. These tubularbolts effect the twofold purpose of securing the- D-shaped vessels tothe boiler and of permitting a free circulation of water between themand the adjacent water-space and the escape of steam. As these vesselsare independent of each other, any one can be removed and replacedwithout affecting the others. From their position in the lire-box theyare exposed to an intense heat, which causes the water in them to ascendrapidly and pass out at the upper tubular bolts, while fresh portions ofwater are supplied through the lower tubular bolts. As these vesselscover and protect the'water-space to which they are secured, the waterin the latter is not exposed to so high a temperature as that in thevessels. Oonsequently the water in the waterspace will descend as theheatedwater in the vessels ascends, and therefore a constant and rapidcirculation is effected, which not only facilitates the production ofsteam, but also diminishes the liability of the vessels to burn out. Bythis improved arrangement the repairs of the lire-box are effected at agreat saving of both time and expense.

The sectional lining can be made of tubes of any form that experiencemay determine to be the best. The cylindrical tube would be thestrongest; but the rectangular, and per` haps one having an oblongsection, would be found on the whole the best.

Several tiers of short upright pipes may be substitu ted for thehorizontal ones represented on the sides of the iire-box in thedrawings, and the sections of the tubular portions of the boiler may bemade of any desired length, and the steam may pass from one section toanother directly, instead of passing into a dome, if the latterarrangement should not be deemed preferable.

What l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

The lining herein described for the Sides and ends of lire-boxes ofsteam-boilers, consisting of a series of narrow tubes which areconnected with the adjacent water-space by means of hollow bolts ortheir equivalent, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

JOHN B. OOLLAN. Witnesses:

P. H. WATSON, CLEM. F. STULL.

